初中英语语法知识精讲精练：介词(3)

　　?34? The policeman was surprised ＿＿＿ the news.

　　?A. into B. for C. at D. out of

　　? ［答案］ C.

　　? ［析］ be surprised at 对某事吃惊。

　　?35? He had to sell newspapers ＿＿＿ seven.

　　?A. at an age of B. at the ages of C. at the age of D. at age of

　　? ［答案］ C.

　　? ［析］ at the age of 在几岁时。

　　?36? The little girl couldn't help ＿＿＿ when she saw a large dog.

　　?A. cried B. to cry C. crying D. cries

　　? ［答案］ C.

　　? ［析］ couldn't help＋动名词表示情不自禁地去做某事，或禁不住做某事。

　　?37? Jack was born ＿＿＿ March 1st, 1978.

　　?A. on B. in C. at D. of

　　? ［答案］ A.

　　? ［析］ 日期，时间前的介词按其表达语中的最小单位计算。

　　?38? Edison was very interested ＿＿＿ science when he was a boy.

　　?A. to B. on C. in D. about

　　? ［答案］ C.

　　? ［析］ be interested in something 对某事感兴趣。

　　?39? The teacher was very satisfied ＿＿＿ her answer.?

　　A. in B. on C. for D. with

　　? ［答案］ D.

　　?40? The story happened ＿＿＿ Beijing.

　　?A. in B. with C. for D. on

　　? ［答案］ A.

　　(三) 正误辨析?

　　［误］ We got to the top of the mountain in daybreak.?

　　［正］ We got to the top of the mountain at day break.?

　　［析］ at用于具体时刻之前，如：sunrise, midday, noon, sunset, midnight, night。

　　［误］ Don't sleep at daytime??

　　［正］ Don't sleep in daytime.?

　　［析］ in 要用于较长的一段时间之内，如：in the morning / afternoon, 或 in the week / month / year. 或 in spring / supper /autumn / winter等等。?

　　［误］ We visited the old man in Sunday afternoon.?

　　［正］ We visited the old man on Sunday afternoon.?

　　［析］ in the morning, in the afternoon 如果在这两个短语中加入任何修饰词其前面的介词都要改为on, 如：on a cold morning, on the morning of July 14th?

　　［误］ He became a writter at his twenties??

　　［正］ He became a writter in his twenties??

　　［析］ 这句话应译为：他在20多岁时就成了作家。在某人的一段生活时间段中要用介词in来表示，而在具体岁数时用at来表示。?

　　［误］ He went to New York to find a job in sixteen years old.?

　　［正］ He went to New York to find a job at sixteen.?

　　［析］ 在具体年岁前用at, 如：at the age of 12， at your age， 等等。?

　　［误］ We went to swim in the river in a very hot day.?

　　［正］ We went to swim in the river on a very hot day.?

　　［析］ 具体某一天要用介词on, 又如：on New Year's Day?

　　［误］ I'm looking forward to seeing you on Christmas.?

　　［正］ I'm looking for ward to seeing you at Christmas.?

　　［析］ 在节日的当天用on，而全部节日期间用at,Christmas是圣诞节期间，一般要有两周或更长的时间。?

　　［误］ I haven't see you during the summer holidays.?

　　［正］ I haven't seen you since the beginning of the summer holidays.?

　　［析］ during表示在某一段时间之内，所以一般不与完成时搭配，如：I visited a lot of museums during the holiday. 而for表示一段时间，可以用于完成时，如：I haven't see you for a long time. 而through 用来表示时间时则为"整整，全部的时间"。如：It rained through the night.?而since则是表达主句动作的起始时间，一般要与完成时连用。?

　　［误］ At entering the classroom, I heard the good news.?

　　［正］ On entering the classroom, I heard the good news.?

　　［析］ On 加动名词表示"一……就"。本句的译文应是：我一进入教室就听见这个好消息了。又如：on hearing… 一听见， on arrival 一到达就……(on表示动作的名词)?

　　［误］ In the beginning of the book, there are some interesting stories.?

　　［正］ At the beginning of the book, there are some interesting stories.?

　　［析］ at the begining与at the end都是指某事物的开始与结束部分，均不指时间范围，而in the beginning 则是指开始一段时间。in the end＝at last是指"最终，终于"之意。?

　　［误］ Till the end of next week. I will have finished this work.?

　　［正］ By the end of next week. I will have finished this work.?

　　［析］ by 引起的时间状语表示了动作的截止点，其意思为"不迟于某一时刻将工作做完"，所以主句一般是完成时态。当然可以有将来时态，如：I'll be there by five o'clock.而till则表达其一动作一直持续到某一时刻，但句中的动词一定要用持续性动词，而瞬间的截止性动词应用其否定句式，如：I won't finish this work till(until) next weekend.?

　　［误］ He came to London before last weekend.?

　　［正］ He had come to London before last weekend.?

　　［正］ He came to London two weeks ago.?

　　［析］ before 一般要与完成时连用，而ago则与一般过去时连用。?

　　［误］ I have studied English for three years gince I had come here.?

　　［正］ I have studied English for three years since I came here.?

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