×
来源：网络资源 2023-10-23 21:36:08
三
词义猜测题的实战技法
1.通过构词法猜测词义
阅读中常常会遇到一些由熟悉的单词派生,转化或合成的新词,考生可以依据构词法方面的知识来猜测词义。
典例They like different kinds of amusements. The Germans are very hard-working.They like tidiness，especially the women，who always keep their home clean.
What does the underlined word“tidiness”mean in Chinese?
A.整洁B.安静C.时尚D.随意
2.利用标点符号猜测词义
作者有时利用标点符号为一些生词直接提供定义或解释,这些符号无疑为考生理解或猜测生词词义提供了很好的线索,如破折号、引号等。考生在解题时要善于抓住这些线索。
典例Bob works in a car factory near his home. He works very hard. He needs to work 8 hours everyday. He will be on the night shift—from midnight to 8 a.m.next day.
★What's the meaning of the underlined words?
A.开夜车B.夜班C.熬夜D.晚上休息
3.通过同义.反义关系猜测词义
在生词所在的上下文中,有时会出现与之同义或反义的词语,这时可根据熟悉的词语的含义推知生词的含义。
典例 In its first year of business.Diners Club issued 200 cards.The customers who got the cards from the Diners Club could use them at 27 different restaurants.Today . Diners Club has about 8 million customers.and they can use their cards in over 7.6million businesses in more than 200 countries.
★The underlined word“issued” here probably means
A.showed B.took C. borrowed D. provided
4.通过定义.解释和举例猜测词义
在阅读材料中,特别是新闻报道及科普类说明文中,生词后面往往用that is，mean，stand for,namely，refer to，in other words等或破折号引出说明性的内容,有时也用同位语、定语从句进行解释说明。还有些文章经常用例子来说明前面较难理解的词,这些例子可帮助考生准确猜测生词。文章举例时,常常会用一些连接词，如 : such as，like，for example等。
典例 Why did he do it? Why did he break the law and endanger people's health? The answer is simple: He wanted to make more money.It was a moral failing，and this is at the heart of the food scandals in China.Too many people focus on making money and not on the effects their actions can have on others.
★It was a moral failing，and this is at the heart of the food scandals in China.Here what's the Chinese meaning of "moral failing”?
A.精神崩溃 B.道德滑坡 C.质量下降 D.心理失衡
5.根据释义猜词义
释义常由定语从句或由is，or，that is ( to say ) , in other words , be called，be known as等词汇短语或破折号来表示。
典例 It will be very hard but also very brittle—that is，it will break easily. What 's the Chinese meaning of“brittle”?
A.强壮的 B.脆的 C.骄傲的 D.平静的
6.通过上下文的联系猜测词义
任何一篇文章中的句子在内容上都不是绝对孤立的,都与句子所在的段落及整篇文章有联系。因此,考生可以利用上下文提供的情景和线索进行合乎逻辑的综合分析,进而猜测词义。
典例 As she grew older. she accepted who she was.Still. she wanted to find the missing piece of the puzzle. After finding out the place of her birthparents. Ida went to Korea in 2008.When she first arrived，she was surprised to see so many people who looked like her. However,apart from her looks，not much could be shared with others.she knew little about the culture，food，especially the language.Being in Korea wasn't always easy for her.
★What does the phrase“apart from”mean?
A. except B.as for C. as well as D. besides
编辑推荐：
欢迎使用手机、平板等移动设备访问中考网，2025中考一路陪伴同行！>>点击查看
