- 全国站
来源：网络资源 2023-09-24 10:57:34
一，副词的分类
按词汇意义划分可分为:
时间副词
1)(Adverb of time),如 ago, ahead, before, behind, beside, below, soon, now, recently, sometime, today, tomorrow, tonight, then, yesterday 等。
2)频度副词
(Adverb of frequency),如 always, constantly, ever, frequently, hardly, never, occasionally, often, rarely, seldom, sometimes, twice, usually 等。
3)地点副词
(Adverb of place),如 above, abroad, down, downstairs, everywhere, here, home, in, inside, out, outdoors, there, up, upstairs等。
4) 疑问副词
(Adverb of question),如 how, when, where, why 等。
5) 方式副词
(Adverb of manner), 如 angrily, badly, bravely, calmly, carefully, easily, fast, happily, hurrie dly, loud, loudly, quickly,quietly, rapidly, slowly, slightly, suddenly, well 等。
6) 程度副词
Adverb of degree),如 a little, almost, completely, deeply, enough, extremely, fairly, fine and, good and, greatly, hardly, just, much, nearly, partly, pretty, quite, rather, so, terribly, too, very, very much 等。
7) 连接副词
(Conjunctive adverb), 如 however, besides, furthermore, so, therefore, when, whenever, where, wherever, whether, why, moreover, never the less, then, thus,等。
8)解说副词
(Explanatory adverb), 如as, namely 等。
句法功能
1. 作状语。
修饰动词、形容词、副词、介词短语、连词或整个句子:
I thinkdifferently.
我有不同想法。(修饰动词)
The book isveryinteresting.
这本书很有趣。(修饰形容词)
She leftshortlyafter the meeting.
会议刚结束她就走了。(修饰介词)
He fellmainlybecause he ate too much.
他病了,主要因为吃的太多。(修饰连词)
Happily, he was not in the house then.
幸运的是他当时不在那房子里。(修饰句子)
2.作表语。
表示位置的副词作表语时,说明主语的状态或特征above, across, inside,upstairs;表示动作方向的副词作表语时,是表动作意义up, down, on, in,off, out。
The war is still on .
战争还在进行。
Summer is over.It’s autumn.
夏天过去。现在已经是秋天了。
The gas is off.
煤气关上了。
The village is ten miles off .
离那个村庄 10 里路。
3. 作介词宾语和宾语补足语。
某些可以表示位置的副词可以在 over, out, up, under, from, in, near, on, around, down, along 等后作介词的宾语;某些时间副词可以在 by, from, except, before, after, till, since 等后作介词宾语;副词还可与作及物动词的宾语补足语或介词 with 和 without 的宾语补足语。
It’s not far from here.
You can leave the goods anywhere but there.
She looked everywhere except there.
I didn’t know her until quite recently.
I went to her room only to find her out.
The woman walked along the river with her head down.
4. 作定语。
修饰名词或代词,副词修饰名词作定语时常放在名词后。
Write your name in the place below.
把你的名字写在下面的空格处。
I had to get off and take the bus behind.
我不得不下车上后面的公共汽车。
副词的位置
1.
表示时间或地点的副词一般放在句尾,并且。地点和时间的内部,又按的顺序排列。强调时,它们也可放在句首。如:
Will you be free tomorrow?
你明天有空吗?
He lives at 75 Xiangchun Road, Changsha.
他住在长沙市湘春路 75 号。
2.
频度副词一般放在行为动词之前,助动词、情态动词或动词 be 之后。如:
Hesometimesgoes there on business.
他有时到那里出差。
He hasneverbeen late.
他从未迟到过。
I wasneververy good at maths.
我的数学从来不好。
3.
程度副词一般放在所修饰的形容词或副词之前,助动词、情态动词或系动词,be 之后。如:
The film wasquitegood.
那影片相当好。
The lecture wasfairlygood.
报告相当不错。
It’s arathersad story.
这是一个相当凄惨的故事。
4.
修饰动词的方式副词一般放在动词(及其宾语)之后，有时也放在动词之前。如:
We must learn to speak Englishfluentlyandcorrectly.
我们应当学讲流利正确的英语。
Theywarmlywelcomed me at their offices.
他们在办公室热烈欢迎了我。
5.
由动词与副词一起所构成的短语动词带宾语时,若宾语是名词则副词放在名词的前后都行;若宾语是代词,副词只能放在代词之后。如:
I need a few days to thinkoveryour proposal.
= I need a few days to think your proposalover.
我需要几天时间来考虑你的建议。
I need a few days to think itover.
我需要几天时间来考虑它。(不能说 thinkover it)
6
. 地点副词做定语时,须放在所修饰的名词或代词之后。如:
The peoplethereare very friendly.
那儿的人很友好。
7.
修饰句子的副词一般放在句首。如:
Frankly, I am not satisfied with it.
坦白说,我对此不满意。
Luckilyit was not so hot.
幸好那天不太热。
SeriouslyI wish to work here.
说正经的,我愿意在这里工作。
8.
疑问副词常放在句首构成疑问句。如:
Howdid you enjoy your Christmas?
圣诞节过得如何?
Whyhaven’t you been to see me all this time?
你为什么一直没来看我?
9.
关系副词和连接副词一般放在从句的开头。如:
I askedhowhe was getting on.
我问他情况怎样。(连接副词引起宾语从句)
These are the reasonswhywe do it.
这些就是我们这样做的理由。(关系副词引起定语从句)
10.
方式副词、地点副词、时间副词等用在一起时,通常是方式副词在前,地点副词在中间,时间副词在最后。如:
The boy readquietly over there all afternoon.
这男孩整个下午都在那 儿静静地看书。
副词的级
1.副词级的构成
副词比较级和最高级的变化形式与形容词基本上一样
1)副词比较级和最高级的规则形式
副词比较级和最高级的规则形式的构成与形容词比较级和最高级基本相似。单音节词通常采用综合形式,如:
hard→harder →hardest
fast→faster →fastest
late→later →latest
early→earlier →earliest
但是开放类副词即以后缀-ly 结尾的副词不能像形容词那样加-er 或-est,如:
quickly →more quickly →most quickly
quietly →more quietly →most quietly
Note:early 与 slowly 中的-ly 不是后缀,故可以把 y 变 i 再加 er 和 est
2)副词比较级和最高级的不规则形式
well →better →best
much →more →most
badly →worse →worst
little →less →least
2.副词级的用法
1)副词的比较级。
副词的比较级和形容词比较级的用法基本一样,其基本模式是“副词比较级+than-分句”,如:
He works harder than I.
他比我工作努力。
Lucy gets up earlier than Lili.
露西比丽丽起床早。
He dives deeper than his teammates.
他比他的队员潜水深。
It's true that he speak English more fluently than any of us.
他英语讲的确实比我们任何人都好。
2)副词的最高级。
副词最高级的用法和形容词最高级的用法基本一样 是由“ the +副词最高 级+比较范围”构成 表示对三个或三个以上人或物的比较,但副词最高级形 式句中 the 可以省略。如:
He runs fastest in our class.
他在我们班跑地最快。
Our school team play football best in our region.
我们校队在我们地区足球踢得最好的。
3)副词的同级比较。
同级比较的基本模式为“as+副词原级+as-分句”,其否定形式为“not+as so+副词原级+as-分句”,如:
This car runs as fast as that one.
这辆车没有那辆车跑得快。
John doesn’t behave as/so politely as Bob.
约翰没有鲍勃礼貌。
同步练习
1. He often works ___ into the night, which moves us ___.
A. deep; deep
B. deeply; deeply
C. deep; deeply
D. deeply; deep
2. It was raining heavily. Little Mary felt cold, so she stood ___ to her mother.
A. close
B. closely
C. closed
D. closing
3. He'd like to sleep with the window ___ at night.
A. open wide
B. open widely
C. wide open
D. opened wide
4. When you drive home, you can't be ___ careful.
A. very
B. too
C. so
D. only
5. In that case, there is nothing you can do ___ than wait.
A. more
B. other
C. better
D. any
6. Such a problem is ___ difficult for a primary school student ___.
A. so; to work
B. very too; to work out
C. rather too; to work out
D. quite too; to answer
7. I've got ___ work to do on a ___ cold day.
A. much too;much too
B. too much;too much
C. too much;much too
D. much too;too much
8. The boy was ___ eager to get a geography book.
A. more
B. too
C. much
D. far
9. ___ to my regret, I am unable to accept your warm invitation.
A. Very
B. Much
C. Great
D. A lot
10. There was no news; ___ , she did not give up hope.
A. moreover
B. therefore
C. but
D. nevertheless
11. The guide told us that he would organize some business men abroad ___ next week.
A. at time
B. some time
C. sometimes
D. sometimes
12. --Is the bus stop far from here?
-- It's a quarter's walk, ___ .
A. more and more
B. and so on
C. all together
D. more or less
13. Qingdao is ___ beautiful city in summer.
A. most
B. a most
C. the most
D. much
14. If we work with a strong will, we can overcome any difficulty, ___ great it is.
A. what
B. how
C. however
D. whatever
15. Wei Hua told me that Wu Dong was ___ ill.
A. terrible
B. very terrible
C. terribly
D. too terrible
参考答案:
1~5 CACBB
6~10 CCBBD
11~15 BDBCC
编辑推荐：
欢迎使用手机、平板等移动设备访问中考网，2023中考一路陪伴同行！>>点击查看
