2024年现在完成时用法总结，考点，疑难

现在完成时的基本构成：

have/has + done(过去分词)

现在完成时的主要作用：

1. 表示过去发生的一个动作或者已经完成的动作对象在造成的影响。

I have finished my task.

我已经完成了我的工作。

动作finish发生在过去，对现在造成的结果是，工作已经完成。

I have started the machine.

我已经启动了机器。

动作start发生在过去，对现在造成的影响是，机器已经启动了。

2.表示已经发生的动作，一直持续到现在，并且有可能继续持续下去。

I have stayed in the city for twenty years.

我在这个城市已经待了20年了。

I have worked abroad for two months.

我已经在国外工作两个月了。

现在完成时的第三人称：

当主语是第三人称单数或者不可数名词时，have使用has, 及has done.

She has bought a book from the library.

她已经从图书馆借了一本书。

The cat has die.

这个猫已经死了。

现在完成时的被动语态：

have been done,或者has been done

The room has been cleaned.

房间已经被打扫了。

Those trees have been watered.

那些树已经浇水了。

现在完成时的否定形式：

have/has not done, have/has not been done

They have not arrived at Beijing.

他们还没到达北京呢。

His sister has not come back.

他的妹妹还没有回来.

The task has not been assigned.

工作还没有被分配呢。

现在完成时的一般疑问句：

have/has + 主语+ 谓语(过去分词) +其他?

Has your brother passed the exam ?

你哥哥已经通过考试了吗?

Have they made the gift for their parents?

他们已经为他们的父母做礼物了吗?

现在完成时的特殊疑问句：

特殊疑问词　+ have/has + 主语+ 谓语(过去分词) +其他?

What have you done?　你已经做了什么事情?

Which books have you read?　你已经读了那本书?

一、结构

have+done

I have already had lunch.

I haven'thad dinner yet.

Have you had dinner yet?

Yes, I have.

No,Ihaven't.

二、五大用法

1、已经完成的动作，强调对现在有影响。

I have already cleaned the toilet.

I have just watered the flowers.

2、还没有做或从来没做过的事情

I haven't takena shower yet.

I havenever been toEgypt.

3、做一件事做过几次

Ihave seen 'Titanic'twice.

He has been to thetoilet five times.

4、见过、听过的最………的

He is the fattest man I have ever seen.

This is the most beautiful music I have ever heard.

5、从过去一直持续到现在的动作或状态

He has lived in Beijing for 30 years.

He has lived in Beijing since 1981.

三、超级考点

have been to 去过哪儿

have gone to去……了

have been in 在哪儿待了多长时间

四、不规则动词过去式及过去分词变化表

cost→cost →cost

cut→cut →cut

hit→hit →hit

let→let →let

put→put →put

read→read →read

hurt→hurt →hurt

burn→burnt→burnt

build→built→built

bring→brought→brought

buy→bought→bought

catch→caught→caught

feel→felt →felt

fight→fought→fought

find→found→found

get→got →got

hang→hanged/hung→hanged/ hung

hear→heard→heard

have→had →had

hold→held →held

keep→kept →kept

leave→left →left

learn→learned/learnt→learned/learnt

lend→lent →lent

lose→lost →lost

lay→laid →laid

make→made→made

meet→met →met

mean→meant→meant

pay→paid →paid

sell→sold →sold

show→showed→showed

smell→smelt→smelt

say→said →said

send→sent →sent

spend→spent→spent

sleep→slept→slept

stand→stood→stood

sweep→swept→swept

tell→told →told

think→thought→thought

teach→taught→taught

understand→understood→understood

win→won →won

blow→blew →blown

beat→beat→beaten

drive→drove→driven

draw→drew →drawn

eat→ate →eaten

fall→fell→fallen

give→gave→given

grow→grew →grown

know→knew →known

ride→rode→ridden

see→saw→seen

sit→sat →sat

take→took →taken

throw→threw→thrown

write→wrote →written

wake→woke →waken

break→broke→broken

choose→chose→chosen

forget→forgot→forgotten

freeze→froze→frozen

speak→spoke→spoken

steal→stole→stolen

be(am, is)→was→been

be(are)→were →been

begin→began→begun

drink→drank→drunk

do→did →done

fly→flew →flown

go→went →gone

lie→lay →lain

ring→rang →rung

sing→sang →sung

swim→swam →swum

wear→wore →worn

become→became→become

come→came →come

run→ran→run

例题展示

1.---have you been an actor?

--- Forthree years.

A.When

B.How

C.How long

D.Why

2.They havegone to Tibet.

A.yet

B.just now

C.already

D.still

3.You don’t need to describeher. Iher several times.

A.had met

B.have met

C.met

D.meet

4.Mr. Li isn’t here. Heto England.

A.has been

B.have been

C.has gone

D.have gone

5.Mrs. Wang has lived inHaikou1992.

A.since

B.from

C.for

D.in

1.小胖已经在北京住了10年了。

2.我刚刚丢了我的历史书。

3.我以前从来没去过那个农场。

4.你已经看过这部电影了吗?

5.他是我见过的最仔细的男孩。

答案：CCBCA

XiaoPanghas lived in Beijing for10years.

Ihave just lost myhistorybook.

I haveneverbeen to the farm.

Have you seen the film?

He is the most careful boyI haveeverseen.

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