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来源：网络资源 2023-08-15 18:06:43
从英语的句子结构上说，除了修饰名词的定语和修饰动词的状语外，在千变万化的句子中可归纳为五个基本句式。
1.S(主) + Vi(不及物动词)(谓)
eg. Time flies.
(1)S + V + adverbial(状语)
eg. Birds sing beautifully.
(2)S + Vi+ prep Phrase(介词短语)
eg. He went on holiday.
(3)S + Vi+ Infinitive (不定式)
eg. We stopped to have a rest.
(4)S + Vi+ Participle (分词)
eg. I'll go swimming.
2. S (主)+ Vt (及物动词)(谓)+ O(宾)
eg.We like English.
(1)S + Vt+ N/Pron
eg. I like music.
eg. I like her.
(2)S + Vt+ infinitive(不定式)
eg. I want to help him.
常用于这句型的动词有：attempt, dare, decide, desire, expect, hope, intend, learn, need, offer, pretend, promise, propose, refuse, want, wish等。
(3)S + Vt+ Wh- + Infinitive
eg. I don't know what to do.
常用于这句型的动词有：ask, consider, decide, discover, explain, find out, forget, guess, inquire, know, learn, observe, remember, see, settle, tell, think, understand, wonder等。
(4)S + Vt+ Gerund(动名词)
eg. I enjoy living here.
常用于这句型的动词有：admit, advise, avoid, consider, defend, enjoy, excuse, finish, forbid, mind, miss, practise, risk, suggest, give up, can't help等。
(5)S + Vt+ That-clause
eg. I don't think (that) he is right.
常用于这句型的动词有：admit, believe, command, confess, declare, demand, deny, doubt, expect, explain, feel(觉得), hear(听说), hope, imagine, intend, know, mean, mind(当心), notice, propose, request, report, say, see(看出)，show, suggest, suppose, think, understand, wish, wonder(觉得奇怪)。
3. S (主)+ V(谓)(lv)( 系动词)+ P(表)
eg. We are Chinese.
除了be 系动词外，还有一些动词也可以用作系动词，
①表感官的动词，feel, smell, taste, sound, look, appear, seem 等。
②表转变变化的动词，become, get, grow, turn, go,等。
③表延续的动词 remain, keep, seem, hold, stay, rest等。
④表瞬时的动词 come, fall, set, cut, occur等
⑤其他动词 eat, lie, prove, ring, run, shine, sit, stand, continue,hang等。
(1)S + Lv + N/Pron(名词/代词)
eg. He is a boy.
eg. This is mine.
(2)S + Lv + Adj.(形容词)
eg. She is beautiful.
(3)S + Lv + Adv.(副词)
eg. Class is over.
(4)S + Lv + Prep Phrase
eg. He is in good health.
(5)S + Lv + Participle(分词)
eg. He is excited.
eg. The film is interesting.
4. S (主)+ VT (谓)+ In O(间接 宾) + D O(直接 宾)
eg. I give you help.
(1)S + Vt+ N/Pron + N
eg. I sent him a book.
eg. I bought May a book.
(2)S + Vt+ N/Pron + To/for-phrase
eg. He sent a book to me.
eg. He bought a coat for me.
间接宾语前需要加to 的常用动词有：allow, bring, deny, do(带来)， give, grant, hand, leave, lend, offer, owe,pass, pay, permit, promise, read, refuse, render, restore, sell, send, show, teach, tell wish, write等。
间接宾语前需要加for 的常用动词有：bring, buy, cash, choose, fetch, get, leave, make, order, paint, play(演奏)，save, sing, spare等。
5. S (主)+ VT(谓)+ O(宾) + O C(宾补)
eg. I make you clear.
(1)S + Vt+ N/Pron + N
eg. We named our baby Tom.
常用于这句型的动词有：appoint, call, choose, elect, entitle, find, make, name, nominate(命名)。
(2)S + Vt+ N/Pron + Adj.
eg. He painted the wall white.
常用于这句型的动词有：beat, boil, cut, drive, find, get, hold, keep, leave, like, make, paint, see, set, turn,want, wash, wipe, wish等。
(3)S + Vt+ N/Pron + Prep Phrase
eg. She always keeps everything in good order.
(4)S + Vt+ N/Pron + Infinitive
eg. I wish you to stay.
eg. I made him work
常用于这句型的动词有：a)不定式带to的词：advice, allow, ask, beg, cause, choose, command, decide, encourage,expect, force, get, hate, invite, know, leave, like, love, order, permit, persuade, prefer, remain, request,teach, tell, want, warn, wish等。b)不定式不带to的词：feel, have, hear, know, let, listen to, look at, make,notice, see, watch等。
(5)S + Vt+ N/Pron + Participle (分词)
eg. I heard my name called.
eg. I feel something moving.
常用于这句型的动词有：catch, feel, find, get, have, hear, imagine, keep, leave, listen to, look at, notice,observe, perceive, see, set, smell, start, watch等。
(6)S + Vt+ N/Pron + Wh-word + Infinitive
eg. He show me how to do it.
常用于这句型的动词有：advise, ask, inform, show, teach, tell等。
(7)①S + Vt+ N/Pron + That-clause
eg. He told me that the film was great.
常用于这句型的动词有：assure, inform, promise, remind, teach, tell, warm等。
②S + Vt+ N/Pron + Wh-clause
eg. He asked me what he should do.
常用于这句型的动词有：advise, ask, inform, show, teach, tell.
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