2023中考英语宾语从句考点精讲及真题练习

ONE用法讲解

1宾语从句的引导词

宾语从句的引导词：

that；whether/ if；特殊疑问词what/ when/ where/ who等。

(1) 以that引导的宾语从句：

that引导的宾语从句一般都是由陈述句充当，引导词that没有实际意义，不在从句中作任何成分，that可以省略，而且从句成分齐全，句意完整。

Do you think (that) it will rain?

你认为天会下雨吗?

He said (that) he could come on time.

他说他会准时来的。

(2) 以whether或if引导的宾语从句：

从属连词if, whether引导的名词从句是由一般疑问句或选择疑问句转化而来的，变成从句后，语序由原来的倒装语序变成陈述语序，意为“是否”。

Let us know whether / if you can finish the work before Friday.

请让我们知道你是否能在星期五以前把工作做完。

I don’t care whether you like the story or not.

我不在乎你是否喜欢这个故事。

注意：

以下情况一般只用whether不用if。

1) 接带to的动词不定式

She doesn’t know whether to go to the zoo.

她不知道是不是去动物园。

2)与or not连用时

I’m not sure whether or not he will come on time.

他能否准时来，我说不准。

(3) 特殊疑问词what/ when/ where/ who等引导的宾语从句：

此类宾语从句原来是特殊疑问句，变成宾语从句后要用陈述语序，由wh-开头的疑问词引导;

包括who, whom, whose, what, which等连接代词和where, when, how, why等连接副词，这些引导词有各自的意思，在从句中要作相应的成分，不能省略。

Could you tell me which gate we have to go to?

请问我们得走哪个门?

He didn’t tell me how long he would stay here.

他没有告诉我他要在这里呆多长时间。

2宾语从句的语序

由whether/ if和特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句要用陈述语序，原来的倒装语序改成陈述语序时注意相应的助动词和动词的变化等。

Where does your father work? Can you tell us?

→Can you tell us where your father works?

你能告诉我们你爸爸在哪里工作吗?

Did you get home very late? He asked me.

→He asked me if I got home very late. 他问我是否到家很晚。

3宾语从句的时态对应

(1) 如果主句是一般现在时，宾语从句根据实际情况用各种时态

My teacher says he will be back in a week. (一般将来时)

我的老师说他将在一个星期后回来。

My teacher says he is watching TV. (现在进行时)

我的老师说他正在看电视。

My teacher says he has seen the movie. (现在完成时)

我的老师说他已经看过这部电影了。

(2）如果主句是一般过去时，宾语从句用相应的过去时态

My father said he was watching TV at that time.(过去进行时)

我爸爸说在那个时候他在看电视。

My father said the he had already seen the movie. (过去完成时)

我爸爸说他已经看过那部电影了。

注意：

如果宾语从句是表示客观真理和规律的句子时，用一般现在时。

例如：

Our teacher told us the sun is much bigger than the earth. (一般现在时)

我们的老师告诉我们太阳比地球大多了。

4宾语从句的否定转移

主句如果是I think/ believe/ imagine/ suppose/ guess/ expect等，从句的否定一般要转移到主句中，其反意疑问句与从句一致。

I don’t think they’ll wait to the last minute，will they?

我认为他们不会等到最后一分钟，他们会吗?

I don’t believe he did this, did he?

我相信他不会做这样的事，他会吗?

TWO巩固练习

中考真题

1. — Could you tell me _________?

— Certainly. In half an hour.

A. when will the high speed train arrive

B. when the high speed train will arrive

C. when would the high speed train arrive

D. when the high speed train would arrive

2. — Excuse me, could you tell me ______ to get to the post office?

—Certainly. The No.15 bus.

A. which bus I should take

B. I should take which bus

C. should I take which bus

D. which bus should I take

3.I think _____ not difficult _____ English every morning.

A. that; keep reading

B.it’s; keep reading

C. that; to keep reading

D.it; to keep reading

4. Do you know _________ Zunyi or not tomorrow?

A. whether are they leaving for

B. whether they are leaving for

C. if they are leaving for

D. if are they leaving for

5. The policewoman asked the little boy ______.

A.where did he live

B.where he lived

C.where he lives

D.where does he lives

6. — Could you tell me_____ he came here?

— He drove here himself.

A. how B. why C. when D. whether

7. — Can you tell me ____ the prize, Tom?

— Last year.

A. when you got

B. when did you get

C. when will you get

D. when you will get

参考答案

1. B。

由when引导的宾语从句，要用陈述语序，所以排除A和C,主句时态是表示委婉语气的一般现在时，选择B。句意：你能告诉我高铁什么时候到吗?

2. A。

考查特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句，要用陈述语序，选择A。句意：— 打扰一下，请问乘哪辆公交车可以到邮局?—可以啊，15路公交车。

3. D。

这里的it作形式宾语，动词不定式to keep reading English作真正的宾语。

4. B。

宾语从句要用陈述句语序，所以排除A、D选项;if不能与or not连用故选B答案。

5. B。

考查where引导的宾语从句，用陈述句语序，由asked可知从句用相应的过去时，所以选B。

6. A。

由答语可知，问他来这的方式，所以引导词选how。

7. A。

由答语last year可知问获奖的时间，when引导的宾语从句要用陈述语序，所以选A。

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