2023年中考英语总复习语法之定语从句

定语从句在句中做定语，修饰一个名词或代词，被修饰的名词,词组或代词即先行词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系词(关系代词或关系副词)引出。中考对定语从句的考查主要是关系词的选择。

考点一关系代词的选择

1. 由that 引导的定语从句，that既可指人也可物，在句中做主语或谓语动词的宾语。

(1)—What are you looking for?

—I’m looking for the book you lent me yesterday.

A. that B. who

C. whose D. what

答案 A

2.由who, whom, whose 引导的定语从句，who 用做主语, whom 用做宾语，whose 用做定语。

(2) I hate people don’t help others when they are in trouble.

A. who B. which

C. whose D. where

答案 A

3. 由which引导的定语从句, which代指物，在句中做主语或谓语动词的宾语。

(3)Tony, tell me the result of the discussionyou had with your dad yesterday.

A. what B. which

C. when D. who

答案 B

考点二 关系副词的选择

由where引导的定语从句表示地点，when引导定语从句表示时间，where或when 相当于介词+which。当把先行词放回从句中，要加上一个介词时，就用where或when，不需要加时就用which。

(4)I’ ll never forget the day the great scientist came to our school and gave us a speech.

A. that B. which

C. when D. where

答案 D

(5)This is the school I studied three years ago.

A. where B. when

C. that D. which

答案 A

考点三 that 和which的区别

1.不用that而用which的情况

①在引导非限定性定语从句时。②介词后不能用。③先行词本身是that时。

(6)We depend on the land from we get our food.

A. that B. which

C. where D. what

答案 B

2.只能用that作为定语从句的关系代词的情况

①不定代词，如：anything, nothing, the one, all等作先行词时，只用that，不用which。

(7)Is there anythingyou want to buy in the shop?

A. that B. when

C. who D. what

答案 A

②先行词有all, every, some, any, much, no, few, little，the only, the very, the same, the last, just等词修饰或序数词、数词、形容词最高级修饰时，只用that。

(8)One of the most interesting places in Yangzhouare often visited by foreigners is the West Slender Lake.

A. what B. who

C. that D. which

答案 C

③先行词既有人，又有物时。

(9)I can remember the persons and some pictures I saw in the room.

A. that B. which

C. what D. who

答案 A

④主句的主语是疑问词who /which时，避免重复要用that.

(10)—Which is the dress you bought from Shanghai last week?

—The blue one. It’s beautiful, isn’t it?

A.which B. who

C. what D. that

答案 D

考点专练

1.I hate those ____ don’t help others when they are in trouble.

A. who B. which

C. what D. where

2.Who is the man ______ is reading a book over there?

A. that B. which

C. whose D. who

3. The first thing___ my brother is going to do this afternoon is to write a letter.

A. which B. that

C. why D. who

4. The girl ____won first place comes from Beijing Sunshine Middle School.

A. who B. which

C. what D. whom

5.—Have you seen a woman ____ hat is pink?

—Sorry. I didn’t notice that.

A. that B. what

C.which D. whose

6.—Where can I find some pictures offamouspeopleI can use in my English class?

—Well! Youfind themon the Internet.

A. which B. who

C. what D. whom

7. My grandparents like to live in a house ____ is not very big but bright and comfortable.

A. that B. where

C. what D. whose

8.—Where do you work, Mr Black?

—I worked in a shop ____ sells food and drinks.

A. what B. which

C. where D. who

9. Can you lend the book _____the other day?

A. that you talked

B. you talked about it

C. which you talked to

D. you talked about

10. Many peoplecan’t forget the timethe earthquake happened in Wenchuan.

A. when B. which

C. where D. why

11. —How about the book? It’s about English study.

—Oh, this is ____ I wanted.

A. the one what B. which

C. one which D. the one

12.—Where did you go last week?

—I went to Liu Shaoqi’s hometown and visited the house inhe was born.

A. that B. there

C. which D. where

13.The most important thing ____ we should do is to listen to the teachers carefully in class.

A. who B. which

C. that D. whom

14.I like to visit places ___ I can do a lot of outdoor activities.

A.which B. where

C. whether D. When

15. The city you visited last weekend was not the oneI once worked.

A. which; which B. where; which

C. which; where D. where; where

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