2020年中考英语备考资料：阅读理解(二)

　　第一部分 开篇语

 

　　第二部分 主要考点梳理

 

　　题一

 

　　---词义猜测型

 

　　Most women in Ghana —— the educated and illiterate, the urban and rural, the young and old work to earn an income in addition to maintaining their roles as housewives and mothers. Their reputation for economic independence, self-reliance, and hard work is well known and well deserved(应得的，值得的).

 

　　Which of the following is closest in meaning to the underlined word “illiterate”?

 

　　A. repeat B. reiterated

 

　　C. uneducated D. sick

 

　　题二

 

　　In the United States, old people who no longer have an income or who suffer from a loss of physical abilities are often forced to give up living alone. They must leave their homes and depend on someone else to give them a place to live and to take care of their physical needs: they must either live with relatives or live in homes for the aged. This loss of independence is a major problem for the aged.

 

　　Which of the following best expresses the main idea?

 

　　A. Old people in the United States who are poor or sick cannot live alone.

 

　　B. Being unable to live alone is a serious problem for old people in the United States.

 

　　C. Old people who are poor or sick should live with their relatives, not in homes for the aged.

 

　　D. In the United States, old people who are poor or sick are forced to live in homes for the aged.

 

　　题三

 

　　---主旨大意型

 

　　Eat, drink and be merry. That’s what Spring Festival is all about. But there are millions of people, too, who love to let happiness go up in smoke.

 

　　Offering cigarettes to guests is a traditional Chinese way of showing respect to them. A cup of tea and cigarettes are perhaps the most common way of welcoming a guest in China, especially during festive occasions such as the Lunar New Year.

 

　　No wonder, 40 percent of the people surveyed recently said they would smoke at least twice the usual number of cigarettes during the Spring Festival because of all those gatherings and parties. Only 20 percent of the respondents said they would refuse a cigarette when offered one. Why can’t the others do the same? Because they could be seen as being rude, said more than half in the respondents. 15 percent feared they could be taken as “someone who cannot get along well with others”.

 

　　The Think-tank Research Centre for Health Development and Sohu.com survey shows 61 percent Chinese think offering a cigarette is useful for socializing, and 52 percent have offered cigarettes to others. The study surveyed 3,800 people, and 64 percent of them were men.

 

　　One-third of those surveyed were smokers, out of which 57 percent said they couldn’t give up smoking because of the offering-and-accepting culture. “People have accepted offering cigarettes as an effective way of making friends,” research centre director Wu Yiqun says.

 

　　China has more than 350 million smokers, catering to the tobacco market that is worth 500 billion yuan. “The survey shows we still have a lot of work to do,” Wu says. “It is time to let people know that offering a cigarette is a bad habit and it should be given up immediately.”

 

　　1. The passage is written with the purpose of ________.

 

　　A. telling us a custom about the Chinese Spring Festival

 

　　B. introducing a way to make friends with Chinese

 

　　C. stopping smoking during the Chinese Spring Festival

 

　　D. telling us that offering cigarettes is a bad habit

 

　　2. The third paragraph mainly tells us ________.

 

　　A. the fact that smokers are greatly increasing during the festival

 

　　B. the reason why refusing cigarettes is acceptable

 

　　C. the fact that many people have to smoke more cigarettes during the festival

 

　　D. it is rude to attend parties without smoking cigarettes

 

　　题四

 

　　When he was 12, his father suddenly went crazy and killed his one –year- old sister. The family then adopted a baby girl called Chenchen.

 

　　Later, Hong’s mother ran away from home. She couldn’t stand Hong’s mad father’s beating. Hong had to support the family and bring up Chenchen by himself.

 

　　Why did Hong take chenchen along with him to the Senior High School?

 

　　A. His school was far from his home.

 

　　B. Nobody but Hong could look after her.

 

　　C. He wants others to know about his family.

 

　　D. She could help him sell things.

 

　　When Hong’s story became public, many people wanted to give him money. But Hong refused.

 

　　“Poverty(贫穷)and suffering should not be an excuse for begging sympathy(同情)and help from society,”said Hong. “I think it’s most important for a man to support himself and be strong.”

 

　　According to the passage ,we students should______.

 

　　A. give money to the poor

 

　　B. put our time and energy into many things

 

　　C. learn to help ourselves

 

　　D. sell things to support our families

 

　　For example, cancer is common in many animals, including people. However, it is rare in sharks. Scientists want to find out why sharks almost never get cancer. May be this information can help people prevent cancer too.

 

　　The writer of this passage thinks____.

 

　　A. sharks are useful to us

 

　　B. sharks are dangerous to us

 

　　C. sharks are able to treat cancer

 

　　D sharks are the largest animal in the ocean

 

　　题五

 

　　---逻辑推断型

 

　　My father, at the death of his father, was six years old, and he grew up without education. He moved from Kentucky to Indiana when I was seven. We reached our new home about the time the state came into the union. It was a wild area, with many bears and other wild animals still in the woods. I grew up there. There were some so-called schools, but what was required of a teacher never went beyond “reading, writing, and adding”. If a stranger supposed to understand Latin happened to live for a time, he was looked upon as a wizard (奇才). There was simply nothing to excite a desire for education. Of course, when I grew up, I did not know much. Still, somehow, I could read, write, and add, but that was all. The advance I have now made is upon this store of education, which I have picked up under the pressure of necessity.

 

　　1.It can be inferred from the passage that the schools in the area ______.

 

　　A. were of poor quality

 

　　B. offered many kinds of subjects

 

　　C. respected those who knew Latin

 

　　D. hired teachers good at reading, writing, and adding

 

　　2. From the passage we know that the writer ______ at the time he wrote.

 

　　A. had to learn to read, write, and add

 

　　B. found it necessary to receive advanced education

 

　　C. was probably fairly well-educated

 

　　D. was dissatisfied with his level of education

 

　　题六

 

　　---回答问题型

 

　　Just as in face-to-face communication, there are some basic rules of behavior(行为) that should be followed on the Internet. The basic rule is simple: treat others in the same way you would want to be treated. ①Imagine how you’d feel if you were in the other person’s shoes.

 

　　For anything you’re about to send: ask yourself, “ Would I say that to the person’s face?” If the answer is no, rewrite and reread. If someone in the chat room is rude to you, you needn’t to fire back. You should either ignore(不理睬) the person, or use your chat software to block their messages. Remember to respect the beliefs and opinions of others in the chat room.

 

　　②Offer advice when asked by newcomers, as they may not be sure what to do or how to communicate. When someone makes a mistake, be kind about it. If you do decide to tell someone about the mistake, point it out politely. At the same time, if you find you are wrong, be sure to correct yourself and apologize to those that you have offended(冒犯).③询问别人诸如年龄、性别和家庭情况等隐私问题是不礼貌的。Unless you know the person very well, and you are both comfortable with sharing personal information, or don’t ask such questions.

 

　　76. In the chat room we must respect others’ ____________ and __________.

 

　　77. When you find you make a mistake in the chat room, what should you do?

 

　　_____________________________________________________________________________

 

　　78.将划线部分①翻译成汉语

 

　　_____________________________________________________________________________

 

　　79.选择一个适当的句子放在②处_______

 

　　A. First impressions last longest.

 

　　B. Everyone was new to the network once.

 

　　C. The internet has opened up a whole new world for us.

 

　　D. Even if you feel strongly about it, think twice before saying anything.

 

　　80.将划线部分③翻译成英语：

 

　　___________________________________________________________________________

 

　　It is reported that 300 million people in China have eyesight trouble. More and more parents hope to protect their children’s eyesight with medicine, or by correcting the ways that children read and sit. But in fact, one should start with the exercise on one’s feet. Here are three ways to protect eyes:

 

　　First, don’t tie your shoes too closely. Try wearing comfortable and soft socks or walking without socks and shoes at home. While you are traveling, try wearing cloth shoes in order to improve blood circulation(循环).

 

　　Second, walking on tiptoes is good for one’s eyesight. It can fight against eyesight trouble. Numbers show that most of ballet performers’ eyesight is better.

 

　　Third, rope skipping can also be good for one’s eyesight. While skipping rope, one has to move quickly, making both the brain and the eyes exited. It may also help make one grow taller.

 

　　Besides foot exercises, it is good to pull one’s ears. Pulling the ears 20 times quickly is also a great way. It can keep one’s eyes healthy.

 

　　1. Why is most of the ballet performers’ eyesight good?

 

　　2. What shoes should you wear while traveling?

 

　　3. Is rope skipping good for eyesight?

 

　　4. Besides foot exercises, there is another way to protect one’s eyes. What is it?

 

　　5. What does the passage mainly talk about?

 

　　题七

 

　　---还原句子型

 

　　Do you like chocolate? __57__A box of it can be a great gift. Buy one for a friend and give it as a surprise. See how happy that person gets.

 

　　Say you just got a box of chocolate. ___58__ A man has studied people's choice. He says they tell something about the person. Did you choose a round piece? You are a person who likes to party. Did you choose an oval (椭圆形的) shape? You are a person who likes to make things. Picking a square shape shows something else. The person is honest and truthful. ____59___.

 

　　What kind of chocolate do you pick? Maybe you like milk chocolate. This shows you have warm feelings about the past. Dark chocolate means something else. A person who chooses it looks toward the future. What about white chocolate? Would you choose it? ___60__ Some people like chocolate with nuts (果仁). These are people who like to help others.

 

　　Do you believe these ideas? Can candy tell all these things? It doesn't really matter. There is one sure thing about eaters of chocolate. They eat it because they like it.

 

　　A. You can depend on him or her.

 

　　B. Maybe most people do.

 

　　C. Which piece do you pick first?

 

　　D. If so, you may find it hard to make up your mind.

 

　　E. Because they are so sweet.

 

　　第四部分 结束语

 

　　阅读理解(下)讲义参考答案:

 

　　第二部分 主要考点梳理

 

　　题一答案：C

 

　　题二答案：B

 

　　题三答案：DC

 

　　题四答案：BCA

 

　　题五答案：AC

 

　　题六答案：76. beliefs, opinions

 

　　77. I should correct myself and apologize to those that I have offended.

 

　　78. 你要设身处地为别人着想。

 

　　79. B

 

　　80. It is impolite to ask others personal questions such as their ages, sex and families.

 

　　1. Because they walk on tiptoes./ Walking on tiptoes is good for their eyes.

 

　　2. Cloth shoes./ We should try wearing cloth shoes.

 

　　3. Yes. / Yes, it is.

 

　　4. Pulling the ears 20 times quickly.

 

　　5. How to protect eyes. / The ways to protect eyes.

 

　　题七答案：BCAD