中考英语阅读技巧精讲第一部分(2)

　　其二：也是大多数文章的结构，即与归纳思维反向的演绎思维，也是西方逻辑学上突破性的思维方式，直接推动西方科学知识的进步与突破。即开篇即提出作者自家的观点，而且大多数都是猜测出来的口吻，运用的助动词多为情态动词can、may、 could、 might;或是其他表示推测的词性如：possible， probable， likely等及其变形。那么此时这篇文章的中心就在文章的开头处，必须精读此处，切莫略过!

　　Eg1： Younger adults who get either little sleep or a lot of it may see a greater increase in their waistlines over time， a study suggests。

　　Eg2： Some people think that they have an answer to the problems of automobiles crowding and pollution in large cities。 Their answer is the bicycle， or bike。

　　Eg3：In modern society there is a lot of disagreement about competition。 Some value it highly， believing that it is good for social progress。 Others say that competition is bad。 It sets one person against another。 And it leads to unfriendly relationship between people。

　　此三段文字都为观点类句式，如think，disagreement等。

　　第二：要了解中学阶段阅读的具体题型。针对考试当中经常出现的题型现归类如下：

　　A：缺少句子成分题型。如缺少主语，宾语，状语成分，这是考试中最长出现的类型题。

　　Eg1：When we wear a pair of 3D glasses， _____。此题提供的内容是时间状语从句，要补充主句的内容，那么学生必须在原文中锁定题干中句子在原文何处出现，定位住原文后要精读此句，找出与原文意思相同的句子，切莫一味找寻与原文一样的答案，因为很少有和原文完全相同的答案，如果真的出现与原文相同的句子，那就是最简单的题型。定位原文Three-dimensional technology uses two film projectors(投影机)。 One projects a left eye image and the other projects a right eye image。 3D glasses allow us to see a different image in each eye。

　　那么答案大致为：our brain will get a different image from each eye

　　Eg2：Why do some people welcome competition according to the passage? 题干为因果关系题，亦即原因状语的题型，还是一样要从原文找内容，而不是从头脑中找答案，不要记忆原文内容，要定位原文，精读原文，与四个答案相对应，确定标准选项。定位原文：In modern society there is a lot of disagreement about competition。 Some value it highly， believing that it is good for social progress。 Others say that competition is bad。 It sets one person against another。 And it leads to unfriendly relationship between people。 此段文字第一句即为主旨，开篇提出要讨论的主题，即现在社会中人们对竞争的看法。紧接着就是列举一些人的不同观点，证明分歧在哪里。故而出现some，others的句式结构，这是明显的列举方式。针对此题定位原文应为横线句：一些人高度重视，认为它有助于社会进步。那么答案为 It pushes society forward。含义相同句式不同，这是正确答案的设置方式，因为要体现出出题人的应为驾驭能力，要体现出解释的作用，理解的特点：即用不同的词或短语解释文中出现的复杂句式，paraphrase the sentence。

　　Eg3：Not all memories are sweet.Some people spend all their lives trying to forget bad experiences wars and traffic accidents can leave people with terrible physical and emotional(精神上的)hurts。 Often they appear again in dreams。

　　Now American researchers think they are close to developing a drug，which will help people forget bad memories.The drug is designed to be taken immediately after a frightening experience They hope it might reduce or possibly erase(清除)the effect of painful memories。

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