2015中考《英语》知识点梳理：词类(2)

　　动名词： 后面可跟动词的ing形式的情况

　　1.动词：

　　finish doing sth.完成做某事enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事practice doing sth. 练习做某事imagine doing,想象做某事avoid doing sth.避免做某事consider doing sth.考虑做某事suggest doing sth.建议做某事mind doing sth.介意做某事keep doing sth.持续做某事

　　2.固定短语：feel like doing sth.喜欢做某事be busy doing sth.忙于做某事be worth doing 值得做某事spend time (in) doing sth.花费时间(金钱)做某事have difficult/trouble in doing sth做某事有困难have fun doing.做某事高兴

　　3.介词后(on, in, of, about, at, with, without, for, from, up, by等)：be good at doing sth.;thank you for doing sth.;give up doing sth.;stop sb. from doing sth.;do well in doing sth.;be afraid of doing sth.;be interested in doing sth.;be proud of;instead of;be fond of 4.to作介词的情况look forward to doing sth期望做某事; prefer doing sth. to doing sth与…相比较更喜欢…; pay attention to doing注意做某事; be/get used to doing sth.习惯于做某事;make a contribution to为…做贡献

　　后既能跟不定式也能跟动名词的情况：

　　1、有些动词接doing和to do意义相近像like(喜欢)，love(喜欢)，hate(憎恨)，prefer(宁可)，begin(开始)，start(开始)，continue(继续)如：like to do表示想要做某一具体的动作 like dong表示一般或抽象的多次动作 它们在实际使用中区别很小。

　　2、后加不定式或动名词区别较大的动词：remember to do(记住去做) remember doing(记得做过)forget to do(忘记去做)forget doing(忘记做 过)try to do(设法做)try doing(试着做) go on to do(接着做另一事) go on doing(继续做同一事) stop to do(停下来去做) stop　doing(停止做) can’t help to do(不能帮助做) can’t help doing(情不自禁做) 后跟不带to的不定式(动词原形)的情况。

　　1.在感官动词和使役动词后feel， hear，listen to，watch，look at，see， notice ，make，let，have等后跟动词不定式作宾语补足语时应省去不定式符号to但将此句改为被动句时，省去的不定式符号to应加上在动词help既可带to，也可不带to。

　　2.助动词或情态动词后：do, did, does, will, shall, would, should, can, may, must等后面接不带to的动词不定式。 3.某些固定句型中1)Will(Would)you please(not)...?2)had better3)Why not...? 4) would rather(not)...would rather...than...=would...rather than...5)在祈使语气(或口语)中。 既可跟动词原形又可跟动词ing形式的情况。see/watch sb. do sth.看到某人做过(经常做)某事 see/watch sb. doing sth.到某人正在做某事hear sb. do sth.听到某人做过(经常做)某事 hear sb. doing sth.听到某人正在做某事 分词：现在分词修饰物 过去分词修饰人

　　动词用法辨析：

　　1. seem(好象)用法：①sb./sth. + seem + (to be+)形容词②sb./sth. + seem + like ③sb/sth + seem + to (do)④It seems that + 从句2. be afraid(害怕)用法：①be afraid of sth; be afraid of (doing); ②be afraid to (do); ③be afraid that+从句3. be sure (确信)用法：①be sure of (sth); ②be sure to(do); ③be sure that+从句4. put on、wear、have…on、be in、try on、dress5. like、love与enjoy6. look、see、watch、read7. hear、hear of、hear from8.speak、talk、say、tell 9. borrow、lend、keep10. bring、take、carry、send、lift11. take、spend、pay、cost12. arrive in/at、reach、get to13. be made of、be made from、be made into、be made in、be made by14. be used for、be used to、used to、get used to15. agree with/ agree to / agree on16. die、dead、death17. leave, forget

　　八.句法重难点：

　　1.主谓一致2.简单句(陈述句：包括肯定句，否定句，祈使句.疑问句：一般疑问句，特殊疑问句，选择疑问句，反意疑问句)3. 感叹句(How+形容词(副词)+主语+谓语What(a/an) +形容词+名词(单数/复数)+主语+谓语)4.并列句(and ,or, but both…and, neither…nor, either…or, not only …but also )5. 复合句(宾语从句，状语从句，定语从句) 中考复习之从句 1. 宾语从句2. 状语从句 3. 定语从句 宾语从句三要素 语序 时态 连接词 宾语从句的语序应为陈述句的语序Can you tell me how I can get to zoo? Please tell me when we’ll have lunch 宾语从句的时态1.

　　主现从任 Can you tell me how I can get to the railway station? 2.

　　主过从相He asked if you had written to Peter. He said that he would go back to the U.S. soon. 3.

　　从客用现Scientists have proved that the earth turns around the sun. 宾语从句的连接词1.that引导的宾语从句2.连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which和连接副词when, where, why, how引导的宾语从句3. if或whether引导的宾语从句 状语从句分类及常用连词 时间状语从句 when, whenever, while, as, before, after, since, till, once(一旦) 地点状语从句 where, wherever 原因状语从句 because, since, as, for, now that(既然，由于)etc. (et cetera，等于and so on) 目的状语从句 in order that(为了，以便), so that, that, etc. 结果状语从句 so…that, so that, such…that, that, etc. 条件状语从句 if, unless, as(so)long as, etc. 让步状语从句 though, although, even if, even though, however, whatever, as, etc. 比较状语从句 as…as, so…as, than, etc. 方式状语从句 as, as if, as though, etc. 定语从句 1.结构 先行词+连接词+定语从句 2.关系代词有who, whom, whose, that, which, as关系副词when, where, why, how 

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