英语阅读理解：解题技巧

　　【复习目标】

　　▲提高自身的阅读速度。

　　▲学会抓住全文的中心思想，学会分析每个选项。

　　▲学会做题过程中的总结、归纳、积累知识和解题经验。

　　【课前准备】

　　●总结已经做过哪些类型的文章的阅读理解题目，并自己找五篇文章进行阅读理解。

　　【解题技巧】

　　1.阅读短文时，要做到边阅读、边思考、边标记。把文中你认为比较重要的信息用

　　笔画一下。目的是能快捷地把题目与文中相关的信息加以比较，从而作出正确的判断。

　　2.对较长的文章，应将题目通览一遍，然后带着问题阅读有关材料。

　　3.阅读材料时要快中求准，做阅读理解题目时要慢中求稳。采用“意群注视法”，即一组词一组词地默看，能较快地读完短文、较准确地理解短文意思。做题目时，为求稳妥，必须慎重考虑，不要轻易落笔，否则容易出错。

　　4.判断要有根据，推理要顺乎作者意图，对于推断性或评价性之类的阅读理解题目，在材料中是找不到现成答案的，必须通读全篇，对所获信息加以筛选、提炼、推断，对作者的思想倾向，对文中提及的人物或事件可能产生的结尾等，加以综合评估后才能得出正确结论。

　　5.遇到生词或难解的句子不要慌张，根据上下文的意思能够得出正确的理解。阅读

　　材料中，不会乱出现生词，但不排除有不影响答题的生词，同时也不排除有猜测生词的题目出现，因为猜测词义也是阅读能力的体现。阅读理解题在设计过程中已充分考虑到了生词对答题的影响，但对于那些对答题影响不大的生词，如人名、地名等，一般不注汉语，只要能判断出那些生词的类别就可以了，不必弄清楚其准确含义。

　　【典型例题解析】

　　例 1 Outside ,Mum told me, “ Dagmar is fine. No fever. ”

　　“ You saw her, Mum? ”

　　“ Of course. I told her about the hospital rules ， and she won't expect us until tomorrow. Dad will stop worrying, too. It's a fine hospital. But such floors! A mop(拖把) is no good. You need a brush. ”

　　What can we infer(推断) about the hospital after reading the story?

　　A. It's a hospital for children

　　B. The hospital has strict rules about visiting hours

　　C. The nurses and doctors are not very friendly

　　D. The condition(条件) of the hospital are very poor

　　解析 由于文章中提到了 “ hospital rules ” 可见该院有一定的规章制度 ， 不得擅自进院探亲访友 (not...until tomorrow),故不难推出本题答案应是B。

　　例 2 A friend of mine named Paul received an expensive car from his brother as a Christmas present. On Christmas Eve when Paul came out of his office a street urchin(顽童) was walking around a shining car.“Is this your car, Paul?”he asked.

　　Paul answered, “ Yes, my brother gave it to me for Christmas. ” The boy was surprised. “ You mean your brother gave it to you and it didn't cost you anything. Boy. I wish…”He hesitated(犹豫).

　　Of course Paul knew what he was going to wish for. He was going to wish he had a brother like that. But what the boy said surprised Paul greatly.

　　“ I wish, ” the boy went on, “ that I could be a brother like that. ” Paul looked at the boy in surprise, then he said again, “ Would you like to take a ride in my car? ”

　　“ Oh, yes, I'd love that. ”

　　After a short ride, the boy turned and with his eyes shining, said: “ Paul, would you mind driving in front of my house? ”

　　Paul smiled a little. He thought he knew what the boy wanted. He wanted to show his neighbours that he could ride home in a big car. But Paul was wrong again, “ Will you stop where those two steps are? ” the boy asked.

　　He ran up to the steps. Then in a short while Paul heard him coming back, but he was not coming fast. He was carrying his little crippled(残疾) brother. He sat him down on the step and pointed to the car.

　　“ There she is. Buddy, just like I told you upstairs. His brother gave it to him for Christmas and it didn't cost him a cent. And some day I'm going to give you one just like it...then you can see for yourself all nice things in the Christmas window that I've been trying to tell you about. ”

　　Paul got out and lifted the boy to the front seat of his car. The shining-eyed older brother climbed in beside him and the three of them began an unforgettable holiday ride.

　　(1)The street urchin was very surprised when_______.

　　A. Paul received an expensive car

　　B. Paul told him about the car

　　C. he saw the shining car

　　D. he was walking around the car

　　(2)From the story we can see the urchin _______.

　　A. wished to give his brother a car

　　B. wanted Paul's brother to give him a car

　　C. wished he could have a brother like Paul's

　　D. wished Paul could be a brother like that

　　(3)The urchin asked Paul to stop his car in front of his house________.

　　A. to show his neighbours the big car

　　B. to show he had a rich friend

　　C. to let his brother about his wish

　　(4)We can infer(推断) from the story that______.

　　A. Paul couldn't understand the urchin

　　B. the urchin had a deep love for his brother

　　C. the urchin wished to have a rich brother

　　D. the urchin's wish came true in the end

　　(5)The best name of the story is ______.

　　A. A Christmas Present B. A Street Urchin

　　C. A Brother Like That D. An Unforgettable Holiday Ride

　　解析 (1)本题考查细节理解 ， 依据本文第二段 ： Paul answered, “ Yes, my brother gave it to me for Christmas. ” The boy was surprised.故答案选B。

　　(2)本题考查学生的推理判断能力 ， 依据倒数第二段和第三段的内容 ， 尤其是顽童对他弟弟所说的话 ：“ And some day I'm going to give you one just like it... ” 故选 A。

　　(3)本题考查学生的深层理解。Paul的种种猜想会对正确选择产生干扰。依据是本文倒数第二段的最后一句话：“Then you can see for yourself all the nice things in the Christmas window that I've been trying to tell you about.”故选D。

　　(4)本题考查归纳文章中心。从顽童的言行之中可以看出他对残疾弟弟有深深的爱。如 ：“ You mean your brother gave it to you and it didn't cost you anything. ”“ He was carrying his little crippled brother.”故选B。

　　(5)本题考查概括全文主旨的能力。本文叙述了两对兄弟的关爱之情。Paul的哥哥送给他一辆小汽车作为圣诞礼物，顽童虽然没有Paul哥哥那样的经济条件，但他有着一份对残疾弟弟的深深的爱。所以A Brother Like That为最佳题目。

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