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定语：修饰名词或代词的单词、短语、句子。它被翻译为"……的"。定语有时候放在被修饰词的前面，有时候放在被修饰词的后面，如：
red flowers
the man on the left
定语从句：定语是一个句子，叫做定语从句。定语从句是后置定语的一种，只能放在被修饰词的后面，所以被它修饰的名词或代词叫做先行词。我们早在试卷中接触过定语从句，如信息填写题的题目：
The time that the story takes place;
The place that they found the boy;
The person who looked after the old man;
The purpose that the writer wrote this passage;
The number of suggestions that the writer has given.
中考考点：1 能识别定语从句;2 能准确使用定语从句的引导词。
下面，我们正式进入含有定语从句(下面简称"定从")的主从复合句的学习。
认识定从
一、请翻译下列句子，并划出每句的主句和定从。
1 I know the girl who is sitting under the tree.
2 The young man that wears glasses is my math teacher.
3 We are proud of Liu Yang who is the first Chinese woman astronaut.
4 This is the most interesting book that he has ever read.
5 The movie that we saw last night is wonderful.
6 Qing Yu Nian is a TV play which is hot these days.
二、请找出各句的先行词和定从的引导词。
三、小结：
当先行词是人，引导词可以是：________________________
当先行词不是人，引导词可以是_________________________
定从在句中的位置:
_______________________________________________
定从的时态：定语从句的时态不受主句限制，该用什么时态就用什么时态。
定从的引导词什么时候可以省略，什么时候不可以省略
一、观察下面四个句子，把主句和从句还原成两个独立的句子。
1. Here comes the man who wants to see you.
如：第一句可以拆分为：Here comes the man. The man wants to see you.
2 This is the person (who) you are looking for.
3 Mary likes the music which is quiet and gentle.
4 The film (that) we saw last night is very interesting.
二、观察拆分后的定从，引导词所替代的先行词在句中作什么成分?(主语/宾语)
三、小结：如果引导词在定从中作主语，引导词不可省略;如果引导词在定从中作宾语，可以被省略。
引导词的其他规则(需反复记忆至熟练为止)
一、如果先行词与定从的主语存在从属关系，先行词不管是人还是物，引导词用whose，如(请观察并理解何为从属关系)：
This is the little boy whose father is a policeman. 这就是那个爸爸是警察的小男孩。
The house whose windows are red is very large. 那所房子非常大，它的窗子是红色的。
二、先行词与引导词之间有介词，先行词是人，引导词只能用whom;先行词与引导词 之间有介词，先行词非人，引导词只能用which。如：
This is the bad boy about whom his parents worried too much.
I loved the school in which I studied three years ago.
三、先行词是代词those时，先判断它指代的是人还是物，指人，引导词用who，指物，引导词用which。请选出下列两题的答案：
()I don't like those ________ talk much but do little.
A which B whose C who
()The sleeping tigers are bigger than those __________ are trained there.
A which B whose C who
四、引导词只能用that的情况。
1 当先行词包括人和物时，如the man and his dog/Lu Xun and his articles等;
2 当先行词是something, everything, anything, nothing, few, little, all, much, none等不定代词时;
3 当先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时;
4 当先行词指物，且被the only, the very, the last, all the等修饰时;
5 当主句是以疑问代词开头的特殊疑问句时，如：
Who is the girl that won the first place in 200 meters? 赢了200米第一名的女孩是谁?
中考真题测试
1 There will be a flower show in the park ________ we visited last week. (2012广东中考)
A who B when C what D which
2 The young lady _________ is interviewing Lin Zhixuan about the program I am a singer is from 21st Century Talent Net. (2013广东中考)
A who B whose C which D whom
3 When Robinson Crusoe got to the island, the first thing _______ he did was to look for some food. (2014广东中考)
A who B that C which D whom
4 Running Man is a very relaxing TV program _______ is hot among the young people. (2015广东中考)
A what B which C who D whom
5 Great changes have taken place in our city in the past ten years. Everything ________
comes into sight is so new to me. (2016广东中考)
A that B which C who D whom
6 According to a survey, people _______ are able to speak two languages can manage two things at the same time more easily. (2017广东中考)
A which B whom C whose D who
7 Not all children ________ watch this video will become a scientist, but some may become interested in science. (2019广东中考)
A whom B which C who D whose
巩固练习：
一、单项选择
1 People are talking about the old houses _______ Jackie Chan bought in Anhui twenty years
ago.
A which B where C who
2 -- Do you know Mo Yan?
-- Of course. He is the famous writer _______ won the Nobel Prize in 2012.
A who B whom C which
3 Yesterday I interviewed the farmer _________ daughter went to college at the age of 14.
A what B who C whose D that
4 It's bad for health to hurry to move into a house ________ has new furniture in it .
A who B where C that D whose
5 The Palace Museum is the best place _______ I've ever visited.
A that B which C where D what
6 She is the girl _________ invention got the first prize in the school competition.
A who B whose C that D whom
7 The WeChat is an invention _________ can help people talk to friends, share photos, ideas and feeling freely.
A which B who C whose D what
8 Being blind(瞎的) is something _________ most people can't imagine.
A who B what C that D whom
9 Most of the parents will do anything ________ they can do for their children.
A that B what C which D when
10 He is the only student _______ can answer all the questions.
A that B which C what D when
二、完成句子
1 那个戴着眼镜的女孩是贝蒂。
The girl _________________________________________________________ is Betty.
2 我所看见的那个年轻人长着短头发。
The young man ______________________________________________ had short hair.
3 警察正在搜查偷了她钱包的贼。(偷：steal-stole- stolen)
The police are looking for the thief ___________________________________________.
4 昨天破坏门的孩子是汤姆。
The kid ___________________________________________________________ is Tom.
5 多数被偷的小汽车还未能找到。
Most of the cars _____________________________________ haven't been found yet.
6 他有一台电脑，这台电脑是他的父母给他买的。
He has a computer ________________________________________________________.
7 其中的一个故事是关于他爸爸的，他爸爸一直对他要求很严格。
One of the stories is about his father _______________________________________.
8 那个女孩学习很刻苦，她的爸爸是位医生。
The girl ______________________________________________________ studies hard.
9 开着窗户的那间教室是九班。
The classroom _______________________________________________ is Class 9.
10 我所能为你做的一切就是陪着你。
All ____________________________________________________ is to stay with you.
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