英语阅读难句分析之定语从句(2)

　　第一层： Behaviorists 主 suggest 谓 that the child who is raised in an environment where there are many stimuli which develop his 宾语从句 or her capacity for appropriate responses will experience greater intellectual development.

　　第二层： (宾语从句) that 引 the child 主 who is raised in an environment where there are many stimuli which develop his or her capacity 定语从句

　　for appropriate responses will experience 谓 greater intellectual 定 development. 宾

　　第三层： (定语从句) who 引 is raised 谓 in an environment 状 where there are many stimuli which develop his or her capacity for ap- 定语从句

　　propriate responses

　　第四层： (定语从句) where 引 there 引 are 系 many 定 stimuli 主 which develop his or her capacity for appropriate responses 定语从句

　　第五层： (定语从句) which 引 develop 谓 his or her 定 capacity 宾 for appropriate 定 responses

　　要点 根据上下文的逻辑关系可以看出，本句中suggest的词义不是propose,而是bring an idea into the mind,所以翻译为…的看法是。who引导的定语从句修饰child，根据上下文的语义关系，翻译成条件句;where引导的定语从句修饰 environment,用合译法译出;which引导的从句修饰stimuli,用分译法进行翻译。appropriate：适合的，相称的。

　　译文 行为主义者的看法是，如果一个儿童在有许多刺激因素的环境里长大，而这些刺激因素能够开发其相应的反映能力，那么这个儿童将会有更好的智力发展。

　　3. I suggest transforming our social system from a bureaucratically managed industrialism in which maximal production and consumption are ends in themselves into a humanist industrialism in which man and full development of his potentialities - those of love and of reason - are the aims of all social arrangements.

　　要点 本句为含有两个定语从句的主从复合句。主句的谓语动词suggest可接动名词作宾语。而宾语中的transform一词常用在transform sth. from …… into……结构中，译为“把…从…转变为…”。句中两个in which分别修饰其先行词industrialism，翻译时宜采用前置法。两个破折号之间的those of love and of reason为potentialities一词的同位语。

　　译文 我建议把我们的社会制度从以最大限度的生产和最大限度的消费为目的的官僚主义管理下的产业体制转变为一个充分发挥人的潜能——即爱和理智的潜能——为其全部社会工作之目的的人道主义产业体制。

　　4. President Kennedy wanted people who raised questions,who criticized,on whose judgment he could rely, who presented an intelligent point of view,regardless of their rank or viewpoint.

　　要点 本句中who……，who……，on whose……，who……四个定语从句并列，共同修饰中心词people。

　　译文 肯尼迪总统需要提问题的人、能提批评意见的人、做出可靠判断的人以及能提出明智看法的人，而不问他们的级别和观点。

　　5. In the soap war between Proctor and Gamble and Unilever, tremendous use is made of statistics to measure the dynamic difference in market resulting from the proportional allocation to advertising, which constitutes such a large part of their production costs before selling, so that they regard their production costs as production plus advertising costs.

　　要点 此句结构比较复杂，但主句很简单，主语为use，谓语为is made.主句正常语序为tremendous use of statistics is made to……， to measure……作目的状语，resulting from……为现在分词短语作difference的后置定语。which引导一个非限制性定语从句，修饰allocation to advertising.so that引导一个结果状语从句。plus为介词，意为“加上”。soap war 为“肥皂广告大战”。

　　 欢迎使用手机、平板等移动设备访问中考网，2025中考一路陪伴同行！>>点击查看